In 1713, the British occupation of the Rock of Gibraltar was formalized under the Treaty of Utrecht.The Habsburg dynasty ended after the War of Succession and followed by the Bourbons.By the 16th and 17th century, the Spanish Empire became one of the world’s superpowers.In addition, the Kingdom of Naples and Navarre became part of the Spanish Kingdom. In 1495, the Canary Islands became part of the Spanish territory.In 1492, Isabella and Ferdinand reconquered Granada from the Arabs which resulted in Spain’s funding of Christopher Columbus’s exploration and later discovery of America.This union marked the beginning of the golden age of Spain. In 1469, Isabella of Castile and Ferdinand of Aragon married which united the two kingdoms and formed the Catholic monarchs supreme power.They conquered much of Spain which divided the Muslim period into three: the Emirate, the Caliphate, and the Reinos de Taifas. In the 8th century, Arabs entered southern Spain.However, they were defeated by the Visigoths. By the end of the 6th century, Suevi and the Vandals entered Spain after the collapse of the Roman Empire.The Romans left four influential social elements in Spain, including the Latin language, Roman law, the municipality, and Catholicism. Early in its history, Spain was under Roman rule for six centuries.Key Facts & Information HISTORICAL BACKGROUND See the fact file below for more information on the Spain or alternatively, you can download our 21-page Spain worksheet pack to utilise within the classroom or home environment. Officially known as the Kingdom of Spain, Spain is located on the Iberian Peninsula in Europe, bordered by Portugal in the east, south of France, and almost completely surrounded by the Mediterranean Sea.
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